Two-dimensional (2D) mobile codes are similar to linear (one-dimensional) barcodes, but because their matrix structure can hold more information, they can be used to transmit much more information. Whereas a linear barcodes are limited to approximately 20 characters of information, a 2D barcode can represent between 2,000 and 4,000 alphanumeric characters.
2D mobile codes provide a unique opportunity to provide students
with immediate information about any object in a contextual
setting. For example, placing mobile codes beside works of art,
students could use their mobile phones to instantly access
additional information about the artwork, the artist, the history
and even link to a website for further information. Mobile codes on
plant tags would provide instant botanical information. The
educational opportunities to apply this inexpensive technology are
limitless.

BrightCookie.com have developed a Moodle Block that enables
students to use 2D codes to access educational content through
their mobile phones.

Moodle Modules Database Listing
http://mobilecodes.nokia.com/scan.htm
http://code.google.com/p/zxing/wiki/GetTheReader
or search Appstore for 'barcode'
http://code.google.com/p/zxing/wiki/GetTheReader
or search Android Market for 'barcode'
http://semacode.com/
http://www.microsoft.com/tag/
http://www.shotcode.com/